Can anybody explain the process of converting Lithium into Lithium chloride?

The simplest process is to heat lithium in the presence of chlorine:

Li + Cl  ->  LiCl

or to make it a bit more complex, create lithium oxide and free an oxygen atom by burning two atoms of lithium in oxygen:

2(Li) + O2  -> Li2O + O

and then dissolving the lithium oxide in hydrochloric acid:

Li2O + 2(HCl)  ->  2(LiCl) + H20

yielding 2 molecules of lithium chloride and a molecule of water.

Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed., vol. 16, pg. 785.