In cells, energy is stored in the form of ATP. ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate
How does ATP give cells energy?
ATP breaks apart and releases its energy.
When ATP breaks apart, it releases energy and loses a phosphate group. That means that it is now ADP.
Plant cells get energy by a process called photosynthesis. Plants use energy from sunlight to grow and make their own energy. So when a plant combines the energy from sunlight with water and carbon dioxide from the air, it gets energy. A chemical reaction must occur everytime. The equation is as followed: 6H2O + 6CO2 (+ light energy (the sun) = C6H12O6 + 6O2 Inside each plant cell is an organelle called chloroplast. Chloroplast is where the photosynthesis reaction takes place.
Cellular respiration is a chemical process in which glucose molecules are broken down to release energy (ATP) for cellular functions.
Animals get energy by eating food. When humans eat food the following happens:
1. We break our food down into small molecules
2. We use the energy stored in the bonds in our food to make ATP
3. A small amount of the food becomes waste
Like photosynthesis, cellular respiration has a specific chemical reaction that happens every time.
The cellular respiration equation is as followed: O2 + C6H12O6 = CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP)
Cellular respiration can be divided into 2main parts.
Does NOT need oxygen!
Happens in the cytoplasm of a cell
2.Aerobic respiration
Requires oxygen
Happens in the mitochondria of a cell
STEPS OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
1. Glycolysis (anaerobic respiration process)
2. Depends on the conditions of the cell
During aerobic respiration, 2 processes take place in the mitochondria.
1.Kreb’s Cycle
2.Electron Transport Chain
Anarobic Respiration- Releasing energy from food molecules by producing ATP WITHOUT oxygen
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