The study of Ethnography of Communication includes a
description and analysis of speech habits, situational contexts, and cultural norms used in producing and evaluating speech. It identifies the possible components, functions, and contexts of speech acts in a given speech community or society, as well as similarly delineating named speech events and speech situations in that community.
This includes: discourse, defined as utterance, communicative events and messages with linguistic meaning. It also includes the Speech act, the minimal act employing verbal meanings like telling a joke. You need a sender, receiver, message form, message channel, code, topic, and context. There is also a Speech Event involved. This is made up of one or more speech acts which have specific rules to control the use of speech. An example would be a joke that might occur in a lecture or some other formal speech event. Then there is the Speech Situation. Again, sticking with the same theme, a joke could also be told in a conversation, which is a speech event at a party which would be a speech situation.
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