What was established as a direct result of the public outcry from The Jungle?

Ironically, the author, Upton Sinclair, wanted his audience to turn to socialism as a cure for the problems he outlined in his novel. He had written about how dead rats were ground into sausage meat, how sick cows and pigs were slaughtered and sold to people unaware of the dangers of eating diseased meat. In addition, he even described how occasionally a worker would fall and be ground up into the mix for "Durham's Pure Leaf Lard." Meat sales fell dramatically. Instead of turning to socialism, his novel resulted in reforms in the meat packing industry and food processing. Congress passed and the president signed the "Meat Packing Inspection Act" and "The Pure Food and Drug Act". The latter lead to the establishment of the FDA, or Food and Drug Administration which still exists today.