Great question! Unfortunately, I can't match it with a great answer: we don't really know. There's a little bit about the style of acting in Shakespeare's day that we can glean from the plays themselves: "A Midsummer Night's Dream" gives us a clue as to how they might work, learning scripts overnight and rehearsing (with a "director", as we'd call it - Peter Quince!) quickly before a performance.
Hamlet, of course, tells us something about what Shakespeare wanted from his actors:
Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to
you, trippingly on the tongue. But if you mouth it, as many of our players do, I had as lief the town-crier spoke my lines.
(the whole speech can be read at the link below)
We know a little about the styles of his actors from what roles we think they played. Richard Burbage was the first Hamlet, Brutus, Othello and King Lear (among many others) - though, to be honest, from a range that wide, it's difficult to tell precisely what he did.
Robert Armin and Will Kempe were the two key comedians. Kemp's style seems to have been larger than life, playing (and we only know this thanks to scripts which name him) Dogberry in "Much Ado" and Peter in "Romeo and Juliet" - Armin's style was darker and he could sing: he was Lear's fool, and probably Feste as well.
There are some clues, then. And if you want more information, the book I've linked below is superb!
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