In the second link it explains how thoughts were changed after WWII. Before the violence of the war, most believed in the goodness of people and the world. However, after the war, Golding had a completely different viewpoint. The destruction and violence brought on by the war gave us a new concept:
"The prevailing concept of man and society included two basic viewpoints: man was essentially good and society was inherently evil."
This explains your question quite well. In the beginning, the boys all got to know one another and after establishing some rules and a leader, things were going pretty well. In the beginning, each boy showed good traits. Ralph led to the best interest of everyone, Piggy was helpful with his scientific knowledge, and Simon was always willing to help out wherever he could. Yet, they all fell victim to the evils of mankind. Jack and Roger represented the evil (in different ways). Their tribe evolved into a violent machine. It ended up killing Simon and Piggy. It would have killed Ralph had they had enough time. So Golding is showing that although man (each boy individually) has the capacity to be good, society (their tribe) was inherently evil. We see this today in mobs of people. Individually, people are good. However, once a big group gets together with a common goal, violence can occur and things can go horribly wrong.
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